Dmitry Emelyanov on Leukoformula

Giardia lamblia Cysts in Stool Sample with Lugol's Solution

Mon, 09 Mar 2026 09:00:01 +0300

Giardia lamblia cysts. Child, born 2023. Stool, Lugol’s solution.

🙏 Material kindly provided by medical laboratory technician Dmitry Emelyanov.

Macrophages in Urine Sediment: Microscopic Morphology

Tue, 18 Mar 2025 18:00:00 +0300

🔬 Macrophages. Urine, original magnification x400

🙏 Material kindly provided by medical laboratory technician Dmitry Emelyanov.

Renal Epithelium and Epithelial Casts in Urine

Mon, 17 Mar 2025 17:00:00 +0300

🔬 Renal epithelium, epithelial casts, hyaline casts with renal epithelial cell inclusions. Original magnification x400

🙏 Material kindly provided by medical laboratory technician Dmitry Emelyanov.

Amoxicillin Crystals in Urine Sediment: Microscopic Analysis

Fri, 07 Mar 2025 19:00:00 +0300

Amoxicillin crystals in urine. Phase-contrast (A, B), light (C), and polarized (D) microscopy. Source: Couto J, Pontes dos SantosL, Alves J, Lòpez R, Maldonad C. Amoxicillin crystalluria: a rare side-effect of a commonly prescribed antibiotic. EJCRIM 2017

Acyclovir Crystals in Urine Sediment: Microscopy Findings

Thu, 06 Mar 2025 10:00:01 +0300

Acyclovir crystals in the urine of a 60-year-old man with HIV infection. Light and polarized microscopy. Source: William J. Mason, M.D., and Hilary H. Nickols, M.D. Crystalluria from Acyclovir Use. New England Journal of Medicine Volume 358 • Number 13 • March 27, 2008

Methotrexate Crystals in Urine with Acute Kidney Injury

Mon, 03 Mar 2025 18:00:06 +0300

🔬 Methotrexate crystals in the urine of a patient with acute kidney injury that developed after intravenous administration of large doses of this drug.

👉 Source: Corey Cavanaugh and Mark A. Perazella. Urine Sediment Examination in the Diagnosis and Management of Kidney Disease: Core Curriculum 2019

Sulfadiazine Crystals in Urine with Acute Kidney Injury

Sat, 01 Mar 2025 13:00:38 +0300

🔬 Examination of urine sediment from a patient receiving intravenous sulfadiazine, who developed acute kidney injury on day 4 of therapy. Bright-field and polarized light microscopy. 👉 Source: Corey Cavanaugh and Mark A. Perazella. Urine Sediment Examination in the Diagnosis and Management of Kidney Disease: Core Curriculum 2019 🙏 Material kindly provided by medical laboratory technician Dmitry Emelyanov.

Endolimax nana Cysts in Stool Smear: Microscopic Diagnosis

Mon, 24 Feb 2025 09:51:32 +0300

🔬 Endolimax nana. Stool, Lugol’s solution. photo 1 magnification x1000. Photos 2,3,4 magnification x400.

🙏 Material kindly provided by medical laboratory technician Dmitry Emelyanov.

Intracellular Starch and Digestible Fiber in Stool Analysis

Thu, 16 Jan 2025 11:00:12 +0300

🔬 Digestible fiber, intracellular starch. Stool, Lugol’s solution, ×400 magnification

🙏 Images kindly provided by medical laboratory technician Dmitry Emelyanov.

Trichophytosis: Endothrix Hair Invasion Microscopy

Thu, 26 Dec 2024 18:00:00 +0300

Trichophytosis, spore arrangement of the “endothrix” type. Hair, 20% KOH treatment, original magnification x400.

In this type of infection, hairs do not fluoresce under UV light. Arthroconidia are arranged in parallel rows inside the hair shaft (hence “endo”), and the cuticle is undamaged.

Neurosyphilis Diagnosis: CSF Immunofluorescence Assay (IFA)

Wed, 25 Dec 2024 17:00:20 +0300

Detection of T. pallidum antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) using the immunofluorescence assay (IFA).

Treponemal tests (such as IFA) have high sensitivity (90-100%) but are not sufficiently specific and can be positive in forms of syphilis not accompanied by nervous system involvement. The presence of treponeme-specific antibodies in CSF is recognized as a necessary but insufficient condition for confirming a diagnosis of “neurosyphilis,” as these antibodies may be a consequence of passive diffusion from the systemic bloodstream due to their high concentration there.

Malassezia furfur in Skin and Nail Plate Scrapings

Tue, 24 Dec 2024 15:00:01 +0300

🔬 Malassezia furfur. Back skin, KOH 20%, magnification x400+zoom. NB! Sometimes this picture can be observed in nail plate preparations. The detection of such curved mycelial threads and groups of double-contoured spores characteristic of M. furfur in NAILS is contamination and has no diagnostic value.

Charcot-Leyden Crystals in Stool: Causes and Microscopy

Tue, 10 Dec 2024 10:00:00 +0300

Charcot-Leyden crystals. Newborn stool, x400 magnification + zoom. Formed when galectin-10 protein is released from eosinophils. The detection of Charcot-Leyden crystals in the stool of newborns may indicate gluten-induced enteropathy (celiac disease). Charcot-Leyden crystals can also be found in cases of intestinal localization of Loeffler’s syndrome (formation of eosinophilic infiltrates).

Acanthocytes in Urine: Marker of Glomerular Hematuria

Mon, 09 Dec 2024 09:00:00 +0300

Acanthocytes (G1 cells) are dysmorphic erythrocytes with cytoplasmic protrusions, a marker of glomerular hematuria. Unlike other dysmorphic erythrocytes, they do not form due to changes in the physicochemical parameters of urine in vitro. Phase-contrast microscopy is preferred for their detection. Urine, light microscopy, magnification x400+zoom

Sarcoptes Scabiei Mite in Skin Scrape: Lab Diagnosis

Sat, 07 Dec 2024 09:00:00 +0300

Sarcoptes scabiei hominis. KOH 20%, x400 magnification + zoom

🙏 Material kindly provided by medical laboratory technician Dmitry Emelyanov.

Artifacts in Nail Plate Scraping Microscopy

Fri, 06 Dec 2024 09:00:00 +0300

Sand from under the free edge of the toenail plate. Beautiful, but it makes viewing the sample difficult.

🙏 Material kindly provided by medical laboratory technician Dmitry Emelyanov.

Neutral Magnesium Phosphate in Urine Sediment Microscopy

Thu, 05 Dec 2024 09:00:00 +0300

🔬 Neutral Magnesium Phosphate. Urine, magnification x400+zoom

🙏 Material kindly provided by medical laboratory technician Dmitry Emelyanov.

Blastocystis hominis Division in Stool Microscopy

Wed, 04 Dec 2024 17:59:24 +0300

Blastocystis hominis in a state of division. Stool, Lugol’s solution, 400x magnification + zoom

🙏 Material kindly provided by medical laboratory technician Dmitry Emelyanov.

Uric Acid Crystals in Urine Sediment: Microscopy

Tue, 03 Dec 2024 15:00:01 +0300

Uric acid. Urine, magnification x400+zoom

🙏 Material kindly provided by medical laboratory technician Dmitry Emelyanov.

Leccinum Mushroom Spores as Artifacts in Coprograms

Sat, 30 Nov 2024 12:34:38 +0300

🔬 Artifact in stool microscopy. Spores of the macromycete mushroom aspen/birch bolete (genus Leccinum). Lugol’s solution, magnification ×400+zoom 🙏 Material kindly provided by medical laboratory technician Dmitry Emelyanov.

Arthroconidia in Skin and Nail Scrapings in Mycoses

Sat, 16 Nov 2024 19:30:00 +0300

Arthroconidia (sporulated mycelium). Skin, nails, KOH 20%, magnification x400+zoom. Microscopic findings of only arthroconidia are characteristic of mycoses caused by dermatophytes, Onychocola canadiensis, and Scitalidium spp.

🙏 Material kindly provided by med. lab. technician Dmitry Emelyanov.

Candida of Nails and Skin: KOH Microscopy of Samples

Tue, 12 Nov 2024 09:16:05 +0300

🔬 Blastospores (budding cells) and pseudomycelium of Candida fungi. Fingernail plate (photo 1) and interdigital spaces of the feet (photos 2,3,4), KOH 20%, magnification x400+zoom.

✅ In candidal onychomycosis, paronychia (inflammation of the proximal nail fold) precedes onychomycosis. First, the nail fold reddens, becomes shiny, thickens and swells, changing its shape, which causes the cuticle to separate from the nail plate and break down. Inflammation of the nail fold may be accompanied by pain. The course of paronychia is undulating; the nail is gradually involved.

Acanthocytes in Urine Sediment: Glomerular Hematuria Marker

Fri, 08 Nov 2024 19:00:00 +0300

Urine microscopy. Acanthocytes (G1 cells) are dysmorphic erythrocytes. Magnification x400+zoom. They have no relation to peripheral blood acanthocytes.

Presence of >5% of all erythrocytes in the sediment is a marker of glomerular hematuria.

Blastocystis hominis: Vacuolar Form Morphology in Stool

Wed, 06 Nov 2024 09:37:05 +0300

Blastocystis hominis (vacuolar form) is a conditionally pathogenic protozoan, previously considered a human commensal. Blastocystosis in immunocompromised individuals is called “Zierdt–Garavelli disease”. It is more often found in liquid stools and lyses in preparations with distilled water. Stool, Lugol’s solution, magnification x400+zoom.

Hyaline Casts in Urine Sediment: Microscopy and Significance

Tue, 05 Nov 2024 10:30:00 +0300

Hyaline casts in urine. Magnification x400+zoom

🙏Material kindly provided by medical laboratory technician Dmitry Emelyanov

Candida in Skin Scrapings from Candidal Intertrigo

Mon, 04 Nov 2024 09:44:24 +0300

Candida in axillary folds and interdigital spaces of the hands. Skin scraping, 20% KOH treatment, x400 magnification + zoom.

Candida fungi are frequently found in intertriginous dermatitis, also known as diaper rash. This type of inflammation occurs in areas of increased moisture and friction, which creates favorable conditions for fungal growth.

Microscopy of Hair in Microsporia: KOH Preparation

Fri, 11 Oct 2024 12:00:02 +0300

Microsporia (Microsporum). Hair, KOH 20%. 🔬 A genus of fungi causing dermatophytosis of the scalp. Photo 1,2 - magnification x100 Photo 3,4,5,6 - magnification x400

🙏 Images kindly provided by medical laboratory technician Dmitry Emelyanov.

Fungal Mycelium in Nail Scraping for Onychomycosis Diagnosis

Thu, 10 Oct 2024 20:00:00 +0300

Mycelium, nail, magnification x400+zoom, KOH 20%

Material kindly provided by medical laboratory technician Dmitry Emelyanov.

Microscopic Examination of Hair in Trichophytosis

Wed, 09 Oct 2024 09:00:00 +0300

Trichophytosis. Hair, magnification x400+zoom, KOH 20%

Material kindly provided by medical laboratory technician Dmitry Emelyanov.

Erythrocytes in Skin Scrapings After KOH Solution Treatment

Sat, 05 Oct 2024 20:00:00 +0300

Skin scraping. Erythrocytes after approximately half an hour in alkali, 20% KOH. Magnification x400+zoom.

Material kindly provided by medical laboratory technician Dmitry Emelyanov.