Laboratory methods
Centrifugation of Blood with Clot Activator: Preanalytical Rules
Learn the preanalytical rules for blood centrifugation: why wait 30–40 minutes before spinning, and how to prevent fibrin formation in serum.
Parasitology
Morphology of Entamoeba histolytica and Amebiasis Prevention
Morphological features of Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar cysts in stool microscopy. Routes of infection and prevention measures for intestinal amebiasis.
Hematology
Erythrocyte Phenotyping: Chimerism on a Gel Card
An example of chimerism detection during erythrocyte antigen phenotyping of the Rh and Kell systems on a gel card: signs of mixed agglutination.
Parasitology
Enterobius vermicularis Eggs in Coprogram
Morphology of Enterobius vermicularis eggs in fecal sediment: microscopic features, asymmetric shape, and diagnosis of enterobiasis.
Hematology
Target Cells (Codocytes) in Blood Smear
Morphology of target cells (codocytes) in a blood smear: causes, association with thalassemia, hemoglobinopathies, and liver pathology.
Lab test interpretation
Iodophilic Flora in Coprogram: Microscopic Analysis
Iodophilic flora in stool microscopy: identification of cocci and rods with Lugol's solution according to the general clinical research guide.
Lab test interpretation
Clue Cells in Flora Smear with Leukocytosis
Evaluating a female flora smear: can clue cells be present with pronounced leukocytosis, and how to differentiate bacterial vaginosis.
Parasitology
Entamoeba coli Cysts: Microscopy of Native Specimen
Features of identification and microscopy of Entamoeba coli cysts in a native specimen. Number of nuclei and differential diagnosis of intestinal amoebae.
Lab test interpretation
Curschmann Spirals in Sputum: Microscopy and Diagnosis
Curschmann spirals in sputum: mechanism of bronchiole mucoprotein cast formation, microscopic appearance in bronchial asthma and COPD.
Lab test interpretation
Round Elements in Lugol's Solution: Microscopy Task
A diagnostic microscopy task: round brown elements were found in a Lugol's solution preparation from an adult patient. Identify the finding.
Parasitology
Stool Microscopy: Searching for Protozoa in Acute Diarrhea
Clinical case and stool microscopy in an 18-year-old male with fever and diarrhea. Evaluation of native smear, Romanowsky stain, and Lugol's solution preparation.
Oncohematology
Hemorrhagic Syndrome in Multiple Myeloma: Clinical Manifestations
Explore the clinical manifestations of multiple myeloma, focusing on hemorrhagic syndrome and mucosal bleeding in the oral cavity associated with plasma cell tumors.