Lab test interpretation
Clue Cells and Leukocytes in Bacterial Vaginosis
Causes of leukocytosis and clue cells in a vaginal smear. Differential diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis and mixed infections. Learn more.
Articles
Blood and bone marrow morphology, clinical cases and diagnostic algorithms. Most of the library is in Russian; the English section is growing.
Most of our material is written in Russian — that is the working language of the community. A few pieces exist in English; the rest of the library is one click away and the photographs need no translation.
Hematology
Body's Adaptation to Severe Anemia: Mechanisms
Why patients with chronic severe anemia and hemoglobin of 70 g/L can tolerate physical activity: mechanisms of hypoxia compensation and adaptation.
Clinical cases
Ascites Cytology: Ovarian Adenocarcinoma Metastasis
Cytological examination of ascitic fluid: detection of ovarian adenocarcinoma cell complexes, malignancy criteria, and a clinical case study.
Oncohematology
Abnormal Promonocytes in Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia
Morphological features of abnormal promonocytes in peripheral blood smears in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) according to ICSH expert recommendations.
Parasitology
Parasitology Case: Helminth Egg Identification in Feces
A diagnostic parasitology exercise: asymmetric helminth eggs found in a patient's stool microscopy with liver pain. Identify the pathogen.
Parasitology
Dicrocoeliosis: Morphology of Dicrocoelium lanceatum Eggs
Microscopic diagnosis of dicrocoeliosis: morphological features of Dicrocoelium lanceatum eggs and human infection routes.
Hematology
Neutrophil Hypersegmentation: ICSH Criteria and Causes
ICSH criteria for neutrophil hypersegmentation, causes of morphological changes in vitamin B12, folate deficiency, MDS, and follow-up algorithm.
Lab test interpretation
Renal Epithelial Cells and Cell Complexes in Urine Sediment
Microscopy of urine sediment in a child: differential diagnosis of renal epithelial cell clusters amidst a moderate amount of uric acid crystals.
Laboratory methods
Slide Substitution and Sample Labeling in Cytology
Analysis of a case involving slide substitution during biopsy examination, the consequences of a false diagnosis, and methods to reduce the risk of sample mix-ups in the laboratory.
Clinical cases
Gonorrhea Diagnosis: Intracellular Diplococci in Smear
Microscopic image of a smear in acute gonorrhea: neutrophil clusters and phagocytized intracellular Neisseria gonorrhoeae diplococci.
Hematology
Identifying a Macrotrombocyte in Bone Marrow Aspirate
Morphological differential diagnosis of large platelets, cell fragments, and inclusions in bone marrow aspirate from an anemic adolescent.
Parasitology
Trichomonas Vaginalis in Cervical Cytology: Detection & Morphology
Learn about the features of detection and morphology of Trichomonas vaginalis in cervical cytology using Papanicolaou staining (Pap test).