Oncohematology

Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia: Morphology and Genetics

A clinical case of acute promyelocytic leukemia in a 34-year-old male: atypical promyelocytes in the smear, t(15;17) translocation, and analyzer parameters.

⚠️ Acute promyelocytic leukemia with hemorrhagic syndrome in a 34-year-old young man. ❗️ Complaints: Over the past 2 weeks — spontaneous nosebleeds and gum bleeding, blood in stool, weakness, headaches, subfebrile temperature up to 37.5 °C. Previously — inflammation of the left eye. Pronounced symptoms of hemorrhagic syndrome.

🩸 CBC: Blasts 57% are represented by large cells, with marked polymorphism of nuclear shape, abundant granulation; Auer rods are present in single cells. Based on morphological features, blast cells can be classified as atypical promyelocytes.

🦴 Myelogram: Marked hyperblastosis: atypical promyelocytes: blast equivalents — 79.4%, with Auer rods.

🧬 Cytogenetic study: karyotype corresponds to APL.

Last photo: one month after treatment.

🙏 Material kindly provided by laboratory physician Andrei Rudinsky.