Hematology
Causes of Elevated Lymphocytes in Complete Blood Count
Understanding the difference between absolute and relative lymphocytosis in CBC, calculation formulas, and main reasons for elevated lymphocyte levels.
Articles
Blood and bone marrow morphology, clinical cases and diagnostic algorithms. Most of the library is in Russian; the English section is growing.
Most of our material is written in Russian — that is the working language of the community. A few pieces exist in English; the rest of the library is one click away and the photographs need no translation.
Hematology
Howell-Jolly Bodies in Erythrocytes: Causes and Morphology
What are Howell-Jolly bodies in a blood smear? Learn about the morphology of nuclear inclusions in red blood cells and their causes in asplenia, splenectomy, and hemolysis.
Laboratory methods
Light Microscopy of Blood Smears in Field Conditions
Learn the specifics of performing light microscopy in field conditions. This guide covers smear preparation, microscope operation, and diagnostics outside the laboratory.
Hematology
Reactive Lymphocytes in Blood Smear During Viral Infection
Clinical case of pronounced lymphocytosis and monocytosis in an 18-year-old patient: reactive lymphocyte morphology, scattergram, and differential diagnosis.
Hematology
Leukocyte Formula Cells: Morphology and Functions
An analysis of the main cells of the leukocyte formula: morphological features and functions of neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils.
Clinical cases
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis in Sputum: Ziehl-Neelsen Stain
A clinical case of acid-fast Mycobacterium tuberculosis detection in a sputum sample using Ziehl-Neelsen staining, confirmed by PCR.
Lab test interpretation
Yeast-like Fungi and Pseudomycelium in Urine Sediment
Urine sediment microscopy in diabetes mellitus: detection of pseudomycelium and Candida yeast-like fungal spores amidst pronounced leukocyturia.
Oncohematology
Platelets on Erythrocytes in Bone Marrow Smear
Clinical case: Platelets superimposed on an erythrocyte during bone marrow aspirate examination in a patient with acute leukemia in remission.
Clinical cases
Tuberculous Lymphadenitis: Lymph Node Imprint Cytology
Cytological diagnosis of tuberculous lymphadenitis in an HIV-positive patient: epithelioid cells, Pirogov-Langhans giant cells in a lymph node imprint.
Parasitology
Urogenital Schistosomiasis Diagnosis in Urine Sediment
A case of hematuria in a patient from Africa: urine sediment microscopy and the search for Schistosoma haematobium eggs when urogenital schistosomiasis is suspected.
Lab test interpretation
Leptothrix in Gynecological Vaginal Smear Microscopy
Key features of Leptothrix detection in vaginal smears: differential diagnosis from lactobacilli, microscopic characteristics, and epithelial cells.
Parasitology
Identifying an Intestinal Parasite: A Parasitology Challenge
A diagnostic parasitology exercise: identify the intestinal protozoan based on the morphological features of the trophozoite in a native stool sample.