Hematology
Granulocyte Differentiation: From Promyelocyte to Mature Forms
Features of granulocytopoiesis: why promyelocytes do not differentiate by cell lines and at what stage of granulocyte maturation specific granules appear.
Articles
Blood and bone marrow morphology, clinical cases and diagnostic algorithms. Most of the library is in Russian; the English section is growing.
Most of our material is written in Russian — that is the working language of the community. A few pieces exist in English; the rest of the library is one click away and the photographs need no translation.
Oncohematology
Berezovsky-Sternberg Cells in Hodgkin Lymphoma
Morphological variants of Berezovsky-Sternberg cells: popcorn cells and coins on a saucer in the cytological diagnosis of Hodgkin lymphoma.
Hematology
Macrocytosis and Red Blood Cell Morphology in B12 Deficiency
Peripheral blood smear in vitamin B12 deficiency: severe macrocytosis with MCV 130 fL, megalocytes, poikilocytosis, and nucleated red blood cells.
Hematology
Bone Marrow Megakaryocyte Morphology in Thrombocytosis
Morphological features of bone marrow in thrombocytosis: megakaryocytic hyperplasia and active platelet budding in aspirate.
Hematology
Reactive Lymphocytes & Atypical Mononuclear Cells in Blood Smear
Morphological features of reactive lymphocytes (atypical mononuclear cells) in a peripheral blood smear from a 17-year-old patient with lymphocytosis.
Hematology
Macrophage Accumulation in Bone Marrow Aspirate
Morphological features of macrophage accumulation in bone marrow aspirate: microscopic view of cells of the monocytic-macrophage system.
Parasitology
Lamblia intestinalis Cysts in Stool Microscopy
Microscopic examination of stool for giardiasis: Lamblia intestinalis cysts in Lugol's solution and glycerin preparations at 400x magnification.
Lab test interpretation
Clue Cells and Leukocytes in Bacterial Vaginosis
Causes of leukocytosis and clue cells in a vaginal smear. Differential diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis and mixed infections. Learn more.
Parasitology
Trichomonas vaginalis in Vaginal Smear: Microscopic Picture
Microscopy of a stained gynecological smear: detection of Trichomonas vaginalis with flagella amidst abundant bacterial flora and leukocytes.
Parasitology
Diagnostic Challenge: Nematode Identification in Fecal Smear
Case study of mobile microscopic nematodes found in the feces of a 17-year-old teenager. Identify the helminth species based on morphological features.
Hemostasis
Platelet Aggregation as a Cause of Pseudothrombocytopenia
Morphological features of pronounced platelet aggregation in a blood smear. Causes of platelet clumping and differential diagnosis of pseudothrombocytopenia.
Lab test interpretation
Mucus Strands in Gynecological Smear: Methylene Blue Stain
Microscopic view of a gynecological smear stained with methylene blue: abundant mucus strands, leukocytes, and squamous epithelial cells.