Hematology

Reactive Lymphocytes in Blood Smear During Viral Infection

Clinical case of pronounced lymphocytosis and monocytosis in an 18-year-old patient: reactive lymphocyte morphology, scattergram, and differential diagnosis.

Patient, 18 years old. Admitted with a preliminary diagnosis: acute bronchitis, unspecified.

🪧 Complete Blood Count (CBC) Leukocytes (WBC): 19.15 × 10⁹/L (elevated) Absolute lymphocyte count: 13.05 × 10⁹/L (pronounced lymphocytosis) 🦠 Absolute monocyte count: 2.90 × 10⁹/L (monocytosis) Lymphocytes, %: 68.2% Monocytes, %: 15%

🔬 Blood smear features: Reactive lymphocytes — 10% Small number of apoptotic bodies (see last 2 images) 📸.

Biochemical blood test C-reactive protein (CRP): 7 mg/L (moderate elevation, indicates inflammation)

✅ The changes found in the blood — pronounced lymphocytosis, monocytosis, and the presence of reactive lymphocytes — require the exclusion of a viral infection.

🧬 The patient was referred for further examination to exclude Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV).

🔍 Serological marker tests and PCR diagnostics will help clarify the diagnosis.

🙏 Clinical case kindly provided by laboratory physician Maria Bozhok, Vladivostok