
Artifacts and Inclusions in Lymphocyte Cytoplasm
How to distinguish true cytoplasmic inclusions from fixation and staining artifacts in a blood smear: morphological features and differential diagnosis.
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How to distinguish true cytoplasmic inclusions from fixation and staining artifacts in a blood smear: morphological features and differential diagnosis.

Morphology of lymphocytes with multi-lobed nuclei (flower cells) in adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL). Peripheral blood smear microscopy.

What are Botkin-Gumprecht shadows, their formation mechanism during blood smear preparation, and their diagnostic significance in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Reduced levels of antibody-synthesizing lymphocytes (AS-LYMP) on Sysmex XN analyzers in COVID-19 as an early marker of severity and predictor of fatal outcome.

Morphological features of large granular lymphocytes in LGL leukemia blood smear: nuclear atypia, cytoplasmic granularity, and cellular heterogeneity.

Clinical case: crystalline inclusions in lymphocytes and cytolysis cells in peripheral blood in a 67-year-old woman with a lymphoproliferative disorder.

A clinical example of an immunogram using a flow cytometer: evaluating activated CD3+HLA-DR+ T-lymphocytes and NK cells in inflammatory processes.

A clinical case of hairy cell leukemia in a 65-year-old man: complete blood count parameters, scattergram, and morphology of scalloped and filamentous cells.

A clinical case of hairy cell leukemia: morphology of neoplastic lymphocytes in peripheral blood smear, including scalloped and filiform cell forms.

Morphological features of atypical mononuclear cells (virocytes) in blood smears: nuclear polymorphism, cytoplasmic basophilia, and infection diagnosis.

Morphological features of blasts in blood: high nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio, delicate chromatin, and the role of immunophenotyping in diagnosis.

Clinical case: atypical mononuclear cells (32%) and leukocytosis 21.38×10⁹/L in a 23-year-old female patient. Sysmex WDF and WPC scattergrams, cytology, and leukocyte differential.